The Death Penalty: A Just Method of Punishment Essay examples -- Capit

Ever since the dawn of man’s search for justice, the death penalty, has been a consequence for particularly heinous crimes. Over the years society has debated whether the death penalty is cruel and unusual punishment. People who oppose of the death penalty view supporters as gun-slinging "rednecks" who live in the backwoods of America. Likewise, supporters view those who oppose the death penalty as uptight "suits" who live in mansions and believes that every person, no matter their crime, deserves to live. Those who oppose the death penalty argue that life in prison is a preferable solution to the death penalty. The supporters of the death penalty argue that Hammurabi’s code, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a life for a life, is an accurate mantra for the death penalty. The death penalty has a long debatable history, but it is a justifiable and fitting punishment for crimes that require more than a slap on the wrist and probation. The death penalty has been a form of punishment since the beginning of time. The first death penalty laws are dated back as far as the Eighteenth Century B.C. These laws were put forth in the Code of King Hammurabi of Babylon (Death Penalty Information Center, n.d.). Then around Tenth Century A.D. hanging became the new and usual method of execution (Death Penalty Information Center, n.d.). Today the chosen methods of execution are lethal injection, electrocution, lethal gas, hanging, and firing squad (Amnesty International, n.d.). According to Amnesty International USA, thirty-five of the states that have a death penalty use lethal injection as a form of execution (Amnesty International, n.d.). Also, according to Amnesty International USA, nine states use electrocution, six states use lethal ga... ... Center. National statistics on the death penalty and race. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/race-death-row-inmates-executed-1976. Death Penalty Information Center. Part I: history of the death penalty. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/part-i-history-death-penalty. Newport, F. (2007, October 7). Sixty-nine percent of americans support death penalty. Retrieved from http://www.gallup.com. Harrison, K., and Melville, C. (2007). The death penalty by lethal injection and hill v McDonough: is the USA starting to see sense? Journal of Criminal Law, 167-180. Retrieved from http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/jcriml71&div=41&g_sent=1&collection=journals. ProCon.org. Top 10 pros and cons: should the death penalty be allowed?. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://deathpenalty.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=002000#3

Essay on the Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Gray

The Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Gray  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   This paper shall explore the gay as a literary figure based on Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray. The aim of the essay is threefold. Firstly, to show how the gay is related to two of the most potent archetypal images: those of Dionysos and Apollo. Secondly, to demonstrate that the Wildean gay is profoundly afraid of life, and that his interest in form and aesthetic proportion rests on a principle of "evasion." Thirdly, to contend that the humor in this novel, and by extension also in Wilde's plays, is a symptom of the author's fascination with an archetypal "gay." The Picture of Dorian Gray revolves around Dorian's dual nature. On the one hand, he is the young hero whose adventures the novel records; on the other, he is a painted image of "extraordinary personal beauty." When Lord Henry tells him that his exceptional looks will not last, the young man prays that he be allowed to remain as he is in Basil's portrait of him. Dorian wants to enjoy his youth for ever. His "mad wish" is a key to the archetypal factors which... ... intoxication and Apollonian form; of Dionysian involvement and Apollonian unapproachability. He is able to enjoy the Dionysian pleasures to which he wants to abandon himself, but at an Apollonian distance. Works Cited Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Ed. Isobel Murray. London: Oxford University Press, 1974. Wilde, Oscar. The Letters of Oscar Wilde. Ed. R. Hart-Davis. London: Hart-Davis, 1962. Jung, C.G. The Collected Works. Ed. Sir Herbert Read etc. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1953-1976. Vol. 9.ii; par. 73. Also CW 11.283.   

Emily Dickinson and Her Poetry Essay -- Poem Dickinson Poetry Biograph

Emily Dickinson and Her Poetry Emily Dickinson is one of the great visionary poets of nineteenth century America. In her lifetime, she composed more poems than most modern Americans will even read in their lifetimes. Dickinson is still praised today, and she continues to be taught in schools, read for pleasure, and studied for research and criticism. Since she stayed inside her house for most of her life, and many of her poems were not discovered until after her death, Dickinson was uninvolved in the publication process of her poetry. This means that every Dickinson poem in print today is just a guess—an assumption of what the author wanted on the page. As a result, Dickinson maintains an aura of mystery as a writer. However, this mystery is often overshadowed by a more prevalent notion of Dickinson as an eccentric recluse or a madwoman. Of course, it is difficult to give one label to Dickinson and expect that label to summarize her entire life. Certainly she was a complex woman who could not accurately be described with one sentence or phrase. Her poems are unique and quite interestingly composed—just looking at them on the page is pleasurable—and it may very well prove useful to examine the author when reading her poems. Understanding Dickinson may lead to a better interpretation of the poems, a better appreciation of her life’s work. What is not useful, however, is reading her poems while looking back at the one sentence summary of Dickinson’s life. The notion of the author has often been disputed when it comes to critical literary studies. The argument centers around one basic question: Should the author be considered when looking at a text? There are numerous reasons given as to why the author is important or why the ... .... Rutgers University Libraries. 19 Apr. 2005 . Keller, Lynn. â€Å"An Interview with Susan Howe.† Contemporary Literature 36.1 (1995): 1 34. Oates, Joyce Carol, ed. The Essential Dickinson. New York: Harper Collins, 1996. Winhusen, Steven. â€Å"Emily Dickinson and Schizotypy.† The Emily Dickinson Journal 13.1 (2004): 77-96. Works Consulted Green, Fiona. â€Å"Plainly on the Other Side: Susan Howe’s Recovery.† Contemporary Literature 42.1 (2001): 78-101. Ickstadt, Heinz. â€Å"Emily Dickinson’s Place in Literary History; or, the Public Function of a Private Poet.† The Emily Dickinson Journal 10.1 (2001): 55-68. Ma, Ming-Qian. â€Å"Poetry as History Revised: Susan Howe’s ‘Scattering as Behavior Toward Risk.’† American Literary History 6.4 (1994): 716-37. Miller, Cristanne. â€Å"Whose Dickinson?† American Literary History 12.1 (2000): 230-53.

Augustus of Primaporta Analysis

The statute Augustus of Primaporta depicts the Roman emperor Octavian, son and heir of Julius Caesar and defeater of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Created circa 20 C.E., and found in the home of Octavian’s wife Livia at Primaporta, this marble statue today stands in the Musei Vaticani in Rome (Janson 2007b 191).Measuring 6 feet 8 inches in height, and perhaps a copy of a bronze from around 20 BCE, the Augustus of Primaporta depicts Octavian as an â€Å"ageless youth,† as did all statues of Octavian until his death in his late seventies (Janson 2007b 191). Based on the bronze Doryphoros (â€Å"spear bearer†) by Polykleitos, which depicts a perfectly harmonious and balanced male athletic body in contrapposto (hips tilted such that one leg seems to be moving while the other stands still) supported by a tree stump, the Augustus of Primaporta presents Octavian Augustus in a heroic, idealized contrapposto form (Janson 2007a 121).Smooth-faced Octavian is shown in this stat ue wearing battle armor, with his arm raised â€Å"in a gesture of address† in order to signify his claim to authority (Janson 2007b 192).This orator’s gesture had been adapted from another historical statue, the first century BCE Aulus Metellus, a bronze statue depicting an orator that today can be seen in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale in Florence (Stokstad 197). Next to his right ankle, a small Cupid (also known as Eros, the son of Venus) can be seen playing with a dolphin. This cupid is not merely decorative, but rather serves as a â€Å"strut† to strengthen the statue (Janson 2007b 192).The statute contains many symbolic references to Octavian Augustus’s claims to power. His divine claims to power are represented through several visual references. To begin with, like the Egyptians and Greeks before him, and many Roman emperors after, Augustus’ statue represents him as being â€Å"enveloped in an air of divinity† (Janson 2007a 121).The statue’s generally godlike appearance is augmented by Octavian’s bare feet, which are the mark of a god, and the Cupid, which represents the descent of the Julian family (of which Augustus was part) from Venus through Aeneas, his Trojan ancestor (Janson 2007b 192). His earthly claims to power are displayed through references to his military and diplomatic victories.The dolphin represents his earthly claim to power by evoking the sea at Actium where Octavian Augustus defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra and ended 100 years of civil war in the Roman Republic (Janson 2007b 192, Lodge 1).Augustus’ breastplate, which depicts an allegory in which either Tiberius or the god Mars accepting Roman standards from a Parthian soldier, recalls his diplomatic victory over the Parthians in 20 BCE, when he was able to negotiate the return of some Roman legionary standards that had been captured in 53 and 36 BCE (Janson 2007a 122). Finally, his orator’s pose symbolizes his ability to rule by reason and persuasion, rather than through force (Stokstad 198).The Augustus of Primaporta was a part of the Augustan period, a new Roman idealist movement that was â€Å"grounded in the appearance of the everyday world† (Stokstad 197, Honour 198). This type of sculpture assimilates the traditions of ancient Greece with more modern Roman references. This statue, a good representation of the movement, has been described as a â€Å"sophisticated combination of Greek idealism and Roman individuality,† which came together to form â€Å"a new Augustan ideal† (Stokstad 197).The godlike idealized body of Augustus, with its perfect Greek athletic figure, its tight cap of layered curls, its prominent brow and nose, and its contrapposto pose, is combined with realistic portraiture in the head so that Augustus’ features are clearly distinguishable (Stokstad 197, Lodge 4).This type of Roman idealist sculpture was frequently used as imperial politic al propaganda. The references to divine and earthly claims to power and the posture and beauty of the statue, combined with the distinctive portraiture, stand for the proposition that the individual Octavian Augustus was a noble and powerful ruler.The visual imagery of the statues of this time, such as the Augustus of Primaporta, was key in creating a â€Å"new mythology† of the imperial line (Lodge 2). This statue solidified and paid homage to Augustus’ claim to authority by depicting his many claims to rule. Later statues of Roman emperors would draw on the Augustus of Primaporta as propaganda to tie them closer to the Julian line (Lodge 3).Another example of the Augustan style, which similarly shows Augustus in a particular light for propagandistic purposes is the Via Labicana Augustus, which originally dates from 20 BCE, and a copy of which can be found in the Palazzo Massimo alle Terme at the National Museum in Rome (Lodge 2).This sculpture shows Octavian Augustus —again with distinguishable features on the head—dressed as pontifex maximus, the highest priest in the ancient roman religion. Showing Augustus as an idealized religious figure spoke of him as a virtuous and pious citizen of Rome, and a conserver of traditional Roman values, which conveyed another type of authority in addition to the more military and diplomatic authority portrayed in the Augustus of Primaporta (Lodge 7).The image in the Via Labicana Augustus, when combined with that of the Augustus of Primaporta, shows an imperial figure who ruled justly, piously, and well, and with the support of both heaven and earth.Works CitedHonour, Hugh & John Fleming. A World History of Art. London: Lawrence King Publishing, Ltd., 2005. 196-199.Janson, Anthony F. & H.W. Janson, A Short History of Art. 7th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2007a. 121-122.Janson, Anthony F. Janson’s History of Art. 7th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2007b. 191-193.Lodge, Nancy. â€Å"Images of Roman Power: Roman Imperial Sculpture.† 1-7. available at http://www4.vjc.edu/gems/NancyLodge/ArtasPropaganda.pdf.Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2005. 197-198.

Man on Wire, Movie Review

aI always enjoy watching a documentary. It makes me to discover a new world. Especially logically well-developed documentaries give me a new stream of thoughts and allows me to discover another way to look at the world. The movie Man on Wire gave me this type of experience, helping me to re-discover the adventurous part of me that I hide deep inside of my soul. Man on Wire is a documentary directed by James March about a Philippe Petit and his journey to walk across in the middle of the World Trade Center on a wire back in 1974.What made me interested in the film in a point of view of student who is freshly leaning elements of film is how the director managed to tell this story without making the audience confused of timeline. Often times in our lives, when we are listening to such a long story like Petit’s journey, we get lost in time frame. On the top of that in the movie, there is no necessarily main stream of story. Different types of footages and films drive the story by putting them together as a unit.However March has used different visual effects and devises to give distinctive feelings for the audience to focus on the story. This movie shows interviews of Philippe Petit, interviews from Petit’s friends, his girlfriend, Annie Allix, and other people who were involved in the scene. As well as footages from Petit’s own camera, re-directed past sequences, scenes from the news, also animation as transitional device between scenes. The director March has given distinguishable color differences to each types of footage in the order of how currently there were filmed.All of the interviews that were filmed while March was directing the movie are in modern style, high-definition color, which gives an impression of present. In the past sequences, the footages from the news and Petit’s footages during planning how to walk on the WTC are in color film with dimed colors. This gives the distinctive visual effect between the past prior to t he construction of WTC. All of the sequences before WTC is in black and white and has noises all over the film.This gives impression that it is in the farther past. However the sequences of Petit and his crew getting into the WTC is in high-definition black and white with no noises on the film, this gave me an impression that this event happened a long time ago, yet still has powerful impact on people’s soul while drawing a parallel with the passion of interviewees talking about the story. One more visual devise that was used in the film that I found interesting was the use of vignette.Vignette effect was used in the sequences that were prior to the time Petit had a passion to walk across the twin towers. This device also makes it easy to follow the flow of the story. Without those visual devises, because of the big scale of the story, it wouldn’t be easy to enjoy the film. The portion that touched my heart and made me aware of the part of in my soul that used to dream such things that are not possible in the point of view of adults was the expression that the interviewees still have inside of them when they talk about this event.Although as a result, this event did not make any of them in a better position, their memories of achieving what had seem impossible made me admire of their heart what was once beating enormously to make their dreams come true. As there is a saying ‘even an old house dreams of the open field’. I wish I could be free of fear and live for a dream that inspires other people like Petit has.

Isolation of Crude Acetaminophen Essay

After first isolation of crude acetaminophen, 1.22g of light, brown shiny, fine Crestline solid emulated, which demonstrated slight less than 0.030g of product was lost from original 0.150g of p-aminophenol. The melting point range of crude acetaminophen ranged from 166.8-167.6 °C, when compare to the known melting point of pure acetaminophen which ranged from 169.5-171 °C, is slightly depressed. After decolonization of crude acetaminophen 0.060g of a very light tan/pink almost white, fine, shiny crystalline purified acetaminophen was recovered. Significant amount was lost; slightly over half was lost from 0.122g crude acetaminophen. Purified acetaminophen resulted in a much lighter coloration than the crude acetaminophen. Purified acetaminophen was slightly light tan/pink nearly white, whereas crude acetaminophen was light brown. After crystallization of acetaminophen, 0.028g of whiter, shiny, fine crystals resulted with no apparent odor. Slightly less than half of product was l ost from 0.060g purified acetaminophen that was crystallized and about 0.122g was lost from the original 0.150g of p-aminophenol started with. The melting point range of the crystallized acetaminophen (166.1-169.8  °C when compared to the known melting point range of pure acetaminophen at 169.5-171 °C is clearly depressed and elongated. 169.5-171 °C Calculations: % yield of crude product: x = 0.207g crude acetaminophen x 100 = 58.7% % yield of crystallized (final) product x = 0.207g crude acetaminophen x 100 = 13.5% Observations: Weigh out about 0.150g p-aminophenol and place this in a %ml conical vial. Note: some amount of product was lost do to spillage. .150g weighted out; p-aminophenol is a dark purple powder containing few small grains. Using pipette, add 0.450ml of water and 0.165ml of acetic anhydride. About 450ml and 0.165ml of water and acetic anhydride weighted out. Addition of water formed dark purple viscous mixture; most p-aminophenol dissolved. Addition of acetic anhydride to the mixture produced a dark brown mixture brown precipitate seemed to have formed at the bottom of the vial. Heat the reaction with an alumina block at about 120 °C while stirring gently. After solid precipitate has completely dissolved heat for an addition 20 minutes. Remove vial from heat and allow cooling. Once cool remove the spin vane and air condenser from the conical vial and let cool to room temperature. Once safe to touch put the mixture in an ice bath for 15-20 minutes allowing for crystallization. Collect crystals through vacuuming through Hirsch funnel for 5-10 minutes allowing for air to go through. Once dry add weight the crude product and do melting point range test 166.8-167.6 °C compared to the know melting point range of 169.5-171 °C. Dissolve 0.2g of sodium Dithionite in 1.5ml of water in a 5ml conical vial. Weight out about 0.204g of sodium dithionite, a grey- white solid powder, add the crude product to the vial and heat up the mixture at about 100 °C for 15 minutes. After heating the crude product completely dissolved producing a light tan translucent solution. Note: spillage occurred when transferring crude product into conical vial. Cool mixture in an ice bath for about 10 minutes. Collection of crystals are done by vacuuming with the Hirsch funnel, once dry weight the purified acetaminophen 0.060g resulted. The purified acetaminophen resulted in a much lighter coloration than the crude. Place purified acetaminophen in a craig tube. Crystallize the material from a solvent mixture composed of 50% water 50% methanol by volume. Set up the Craig tube apparatus described in technique 11, section11.4. Add drops of hot solvent until solid is dissolved. When product has dissolved, place the Craig tube  into a 10ml Erlenmeyer flask, insert the inner plug of the Craig tube and allow solution to cool. Place in ice bath for several minutes to allow acetaminophen to crystallize. After crystallization has occurred collect crystals using apparatus shown in technique 8 figure 8.11, place assembly in centrifuge for several minutes collect crystals on watch glass weight it at 0.028g and find the melting point range of 166.1-169.8 °C. Questions: 1. Most compounds have lower solubility’s at lower temperatures. You can obtain more product y crystallization at lower temperature. 3. Product can be lost through Hirsch funnel if over washed. 4. x = 0..180g crude acetaminophen x = 0.00119g mol acetaminophen 6. Discussion: Through the main reaction between 0.150g of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride, 0.122g of crude acetaminophen was produced along with some acetic acid. This indicates a 58.7 percent yield of crude acetaminophen. This is a fair percent yield considering a slight amount of p-aminophenol was lost due to spillage in the transferring process into conical vail and slight amount of crude acetaminophen was lost when trying to remove crystallized crude acetaminophen from conical vial. Percent yield is 58.7% indicating loss of reactants or spillage of products. There is possible error when performing suction filtration; too much washing of product can cause product to fall through filter ultimately decreasing overall percent yield. also overheating may have caused a loss of product; some of the product may have been splattered out of the reaction vessel when heating. 1005 yield would mean that one has carried out the lab activities perfectly producing the predicted amount of product. Given the 58.7% yield actually obtained, it is evident that experimental procedures be accurately followed for further improvement. It is in the transferring process of  p-aminophenol to a 5mL conical vial. Where error is most critical and product can be readily lost. After decolorization process, 0.060g of decolorized/purified acetaminophen was obtained indicating a significant loss of product. Prior to decolorization process, 0.122g of crude acetaminophen solid was present, meaning half of product was lost in the decolorization process. It is important to note that a significant amount of product was lost due to spillage when transferring crude acetaminophen into conical vial to decolorization. Error may also be present if mixture is overheated and product is evaporated off. After crystallization process of purified acetaminophen, 0.028g of white final acetaminophen resulted indicating a 13.5% yield. this is a poor percent yield. this indicates slightly less than half of 0.060g of purified acetaminophen was lost. Such a low percent yield can be attributed to the loss of product throughout the crystallization process. It is important o note that a significant amount of product was lost within supernatant after centrifugation, also, product was lost when trying to remove product from Craig tube and plug. Purity of final product of acetaminophen was tested through qualitative observation of coloration and by comparing obtained melting point ranges of crude and final acetaminophen to the literature melting point range of pure acetaminophen. Because crude solid acetaminophen contains dark impurities carried along with p-aminophenol we can qualitatively compare the level of impurity before and after decolorization. As for the second test for impurity, the melting point range of the crude acetaminophen, 166.8-167.6 °C is slightly depressed when compared to the known melting point range of pure acetaminophen 169.5-171 °C. Crude acetaminophen melting point range is depressed by 2.7 °C. A difference of less than 5 °C indicates a good melting point range was obtained for crude acetaminophen this indicating a minimal amount of impurity present. The melting point range of final crystallized acetaminophen, 166.1-169.8 °C is slightly depressed and elongated when compared to the known me lting point range of pure acetaminophen 169.5-171 °C. It is depressed by 3.4 °C and elongated by 2.2 °C. A difference of less than 5 °C indicates a good melting point range was obtained, though impurities may still be present. When crystals are isolated by filtration from a solvent, it is important to allow complete drying/evaporation of the solvent in order to minimize impurities and get a good melting range. Residual solvent may also function as an impurity and will depress/broaden the melting range for acetaminophen. When two chemicals are mixed, side reactions may take place and produce by-products which can serve as impurities ultimately lowering and elongating the melting point range. For further reference, one must meticulously carry out experimental procedures to ensure that neither reactants nor product is lost and higher percent yield is obtained.

Lincoln’s Efforts to Preserve the Union Essay

To what extent did Lincoln’s economic, military, and political policies from 1861 to 1865 contribute to the preservation of the Union? Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860. As a president of the United States, Lincoln’s goal was to keep the Union together. The problem of slavery and the secession by the South are mainly the two issues that lead to the dissolve of the Union, in which Lincoln put all his efforts to deal with during his presidency. â€Å"He believes this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. He does not expect the Union to be dissolved; He does not expect the house to fall; but he does expect it will cease to be divided.† Lincoln claimed that it is either all free or all slaves in the Union, the Union cannot tolerate half free and half slaves. Lincoln viewed slavery as â€Å"a moral, social, and political wrong†. He â€Å"does not believe it is a constitutional right to hold slaves in a territory of the United St ates† (Paul Boyer 360). Lincoln’s dream was to free all the slaves, but this dream can only go by gradually, he cannot end slavery immediately because it will further the dissolve of the Union. However, Southerners viewed his victory of being a president of the United States as a victory for abolition. Here the problem raised, southern states decided to begin the process of secession from the Union. Lincoln’s hard time began from now on. How was he going to solve this problem? Lincoln help preserved the Union in three different aspects which are economic, military and political policies. His economic strategy was to use capital, weapon and trade; his military strategy was the war of attrition and the three-part strategy to take over the control of Mississippi River and Richmond; his political strategy was to promise he will not end slavery immediately but gradually and establish the Emancipation of Proclamation to claim that every slaves in South will be free so that they will give up to fight against the Union. Since the process of secession is inevitable, the southern states were joining together to form a new nation called the Confederacy. This new formation indic ated that Lincoln was losing part of the Union. As a president, Lincoln was trying his best to help preserve the Union. At the beginning of the Civil War, Lincoln applies the northern advantages to help strengthen the military. First, the North had a huge population advantage, so that the North were able to recruit more soldiers and volunteers to help fight for the war. Second, â€Å"the North controlled more than 85 percent of the nation’s industry and significant material resources. These advantages enabled the North to produce military supplies and replace lost or damaged equipment more rapidly than the Confederacy† (Boyer 371). With these economic advantages, Lincoln was able to supply the army with better foods, shelters and clothing. The soldiers did not need to suffer as more as the Confederate. Even if the Union was out of supplies during the war, it would be more fasten to resupply it. â€Å"In addition, since most of the nation’s railroad lines were located in the Northeast and Midwest, the Union co uld move troops and supplies with ease† (Boyer 371). The economic and transportation advantages also helped fasten the process of resupply and aiding the army. The percentage for the Union to win the war was higher since the North was having better economic advantages than the South. During the Civil War, Lincoln’s military strategies was mainly to divide the south geographically, so that southern states are finding difficult to connect with each other. Lincoln used a three part strategy, first, he plan to take over the control of the capital of the Confederate which is Richmond. Second, Lincoln plan to gain control of the Mississippi River, this â€Å"allowed north to penetrate deep into the south, and prevent the Confederacy from using the waterway to resupply its forces† (Boyer 375). To take over the control of the Mississippi River, North needed to control the largest city in the south which is New Orleans. â€Å"New Orleans is a central port for supplying troops along and west of the river, capturing New Orleans would allow the Union to cut off supplies to western confederate forces and to move troops up the Mississippi River† (Boyer 383). Third, Lincoln used the Anaconda Plan to institute a naval blockade of the south to slowly squeeze the life out of the South like anaconda snake. This hurts the south economy by stopping the south from trading with foreign countries. This three part strategy helped weaken the forces of the Confederacy and further the process to win the war. Lincoln’s another military strategy was to trap the Confederacy army force inside Vicksburg until they are died by starving. In this way, they can force the Confederate to surrender without wasting any manpower and using any violence. In addition, Lincoln used â€Å"the war of attrition† to continue to fight until the South ran out of men, supplies, and the will to fight (Boyer 392). Also, Lincoln used the strategy called the â€Å"total war† to strike at the Confederate economic resources by taking away what supplies they could use and destroying anything that might be helpful to the Confederate, burning farmhouses, slaughtering livestock, and tear up railroad tracks (Boyer 394). These military strategies gave the Confederate a hard time in both economic and war. Near the end of the Civil War, Lincoln was forced to change the purpose of the war from preserving the Union to abolish slavery by abolitionists. Frederick Douglass said it did not worth if the war was only fight for saving the Union without ending slavery. â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand† means that the United States cannot always divided into two parts, one is the Union who opposed slavery, and another is the Confederacy who supported slavery. As Lincoln said in his speech â€Å"I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so† (Abraham Lincoln) to claim that slavery should be abolished gradually, not immediately, because it would upset the South. And it is wrong to allowed slavery to spread to every other part of the wide world. Lincoln helped preserve the Union politically by making the Emancipation of Proclamation to free all slaves living in areas still rebelling against the United States. He assured it would apply only to the Confederate states to peace the conflict in the Border States. â€Å"Lincoln hoped that if slaves learned that the North was fighting to free them, they would desert their masters, thereby weakening the South’s economy† (Boyer 385). Lincoln’s political strategy to free slaves in the Confederacy help preserve the Union by weakening the Confederacy’s economy and making them cannot stand by oneself and was forced to unite with the Union. Abraham Lincoln was a great leader and president of the United States. Although, he was having a hard time during his presidency, he never planned to stop helping the Union. Instead, he helped save the Union in three different aspects: economic, military and political strategies to gain back the territories from the Confederacy and united them to develop the United States of America. Without the help of Lincoln, the United States would be dividing into two parts and slavery would still exist. Without the help of Lincoln, the United States would not be able to reunite together as a complete nation. Lincoln’ efforts to help preserve the Union will always stay in every Americans’ mind. Works Cited 1. Boyer, Paul S. â€Å"Chapter 12 The Civil War 1861-1865.† Holt American nation. Austin: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2005. 360, 368,-372,375,382-387,390-395. Print. 2. Abraham, Lincoln. â€Å"From Lincoln’s Cooper Union Address.† The Cooper Union Speech. Library of America. Cooper Union, New York City. 27 Feb. 1860. Address. 3. â€Å"Abraham Lincoln’s Speech at Peoria, Illinois.† Editorial. The OAH Magazine of History Oct. 2007: 35. Print. 4. â€Å"Abraham Lincoln: First Inaugural Address. U.S. Inaugural Addresses. 1989.† Bartleby.com: Great Books Online — Quotes, Poems, Novels, Classics and hundreds more. 02 Feb. 2013 .